Beowulf A Modern Epic Hero - 1595 Words

When someone typically hears something regarding a superhero it’s the fact that they are saving the day. What comes to my mind is a tall, muscled, and good-looking man. The abilities epic heroes hold are without a doubt unspeakable. In common heroes today, they hold the ability to be strong, courageous, and have superhuman features. For example, the Anglo-Saxon heroes were always prepared to put their own lives in jeopardy for the greater good. Heroes always have target goals they must achieve in order to accomplish significant objectives in society. Majority of heroes have superhuman abilities compared to abilities of gods’. In the story of Beowulf, readers get to see a young audacious hero show the abilities of loyalty, wisdom, and physical strength. As I read the story, I saw that Beowulf matures into a man who doesn’t simply upkeep about individual magnificence and integrity but cares about his society as a leader. Beowulf is compared to a modern epic hero because he is fighting for a good cause, rewarded for doing the right thing, and is respectfully treated as a hero. The importance of the poem requires readers to understand the key information throughout it. It begins with King Hrothgar’s suffering with the problem of Grendel, a powerful- demon who terrorizes the citizens of Denmark every night, who kills them and crushes their efforts to fight back. In lines 100-104, Grendel is introduced to the story with the description of, â€Å"a fiend out of hell, began toShow MoreRelatedComparing Beowulf And Grendel And Beowulf1702 Words   |  7 Pagestranslated, Beowulf has represented one of the finest examples of heroic poetry. As a tale reflecting the noble deeds of a hero, it uniquely expresses the cultural values of the Anglo-Saxons from whom it originated since heroes often do reflect the best of what their culture deems worthwhile. However, modern adaptations of this work express a different set of cultural values; valu es unique to modern society. When comparing the translated poem, Beowulf, to the 2005 motion picture, Beowulf and GrendelRead MoreEssay On Selflessness In Beowulf783 Words   |  4 Pagesheroes or monsters in the modern world, I believe that certain qualities which are extremely ubiquitous in modern society as well as in the epic poem Beowulf, align completely with the archetype of an epic hero, these qualities being selflessness, generosity, and bravery. The traits of epic heroes are glorified in society and are the standard to which a society bases their morals from, a prime example of one such trait is selflessness. Not only is selflessness portrayed in Beowulf with a positive connotationRead MoreEssay Beowulf and Batman622 Words   |  3 PagesThere are many similarities between Batman- a modern day hero making use of his intellect, modern technology, and detective skills on crime and warfare and the classic hero, Beowulf- who travels great distances to prove his strength against his enemies, even at impossible odds. For example, the simplest being that they are both heroes working towards the common good, saving others without twice thinking of their own safety. However there are also many differences: obvious ones such as the fact theyRead MoreAnalysis Of Beowulf As A Heroic Epic779 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A hero is somebody who voluntarily walks into the unknown†. Stories about such heroes have been told for centur ies. In fact, heroistic ideals are sometimes the basis of a society. The Anglo-Saxon people are a prime example of the previous statement. In Anglo-Saxon culture, being called a hero was an honor. Heroes were treated like kings. One of the most popular hero stories that bled into Anglo-Saxon life was the heroic epic of Beowulf. Beowulf was the perfect example of an Anglo-Saxon hero as heRead MoreBeowulf Epic Hero Essay880 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Beowulf as an Epic Hero The definition of a hero from ancient times to present day has evolved greatly, but they often still possess characteristics synonymous across all cultures and timespans. In modern times, they are often thought of as role models for others to live up to, and are generally humble, honest, and not afraid to put others in front of themselves. In ancient times, more emphasis was put on strength and fearlessness, and epic heroes were often saviors of the land, sentRead MoreBeowulf : A Medieval Plot Twist867 Words   |  4 PagesJanuary 2016 Beowulf: A Medieval Plot Twist. Beowulf encapsulates all the requirements that modern readers have come to expect of a medieval hero. He is loyal, brave, pious, what stubborn while at the same time he displays traits that represent the anti-hero. He exemplifies both the hero and the anti-hero. Beowulf truly is something for everyone. The epic poem bearing the name of the erstwhile hero is the bellwether for epic poetry; it and Homer?s works are the standards that all epic poems are comparedRead MoreTheme Of Good And Evil In Beowulf882 Words   |  4 PagesIn the epic poem, Beowulf, perhaps the most important theme seen throughout is the portrayal of good and evil, and how this portrayal impacts the story. The epic poem is about an epic hero, Beowulf, who is completely thought of as a good character and a strong warrior. The unknown author of this poem makes Beowulf out to be, ultimately, a glorified killer of the perceived monsters. However, the poem in and of itself is an opinionated story which gives the bare am ount of opposition to show that perhapsRead MoreDefinition Of A Modern Hero In Beowulf744 Words   |  3 Pagessettled in what is now Great Britain. The Anglo-Saxons wrote many epics depicting what they thought heroes were, but is their definition of a hero the same as our own? A good example of an Anglo-Saxon hero is Beowulf, he travelled to Denmark with a group of warriors to fight a monster named Grendel that was terrorizing a city, he also killed Grendel’s mother and a dragon to save the people in the city. He may seem like a modern hero, he’s saving the people in danger, he shows leadership, and has theRead MoreCritique Analysis Of Beowulf753 Words   |  4 PagesCritique Paper – Beowulf In the epic Beowulf, the main character Beowulf possesses all the qualities of a hero during the Anglo Saxon Era. He demonstrates his courage, loyalty, wisdom, and strength but are these qualities enough to consider him a hero by the standards of today? Beowulf has qualities that strong heroes have but didnt struggle to get them because he was born with it. He has many adventures, like fighting Grendel and other monstrous creatures but was very sure of himself. He wasRead Morean analysis of the qualifications of an Epic Hero887 Words   |  4 PagesAn epic hero is someone who goes down in history as being brave, courageous, and obviously heroic. They don’t have to be asked to save the day, and often times, they aren’t even saving their own people. There are several epic poems that come to mind when thinking about European culture and where it came from. These stories are held as sacred to many different people, and will always be studied whenever the topic of government or culture comes up. In these poems, or stories, there is always a hero

Responsible Lending Policy Essay - 2048 Words

Zagga NCCP Compliance – Responsible Lending Policy Nature/ purpose of document This Responsible Lending Policy deals with Zagga Market’s obligation to undertake an assessment of whether a consumer credit contract is unsuitable for the borrower. It sets out the procedures that must be followed to: ââ€"  make reasonable inquiries about the borrower s financial situation and their requirements and objectives; ââ€"  take reasonable steps to verify the borrower’s financial situation; ââ€"  make any further reasonable inquiries as required; and ââ€"  to undertake the assessment to determine whether the contract will be unsuitable. Application of policy /Distribution The Policy applies to the Zagga Management team and Representatives, Legal and Compliance team, and sales and lending personnel. Policy Owner Alan Greenstein, CEO Responsible Manager(s) Leonie Chapman, ACL Responsible Manager and Compliance Manager Zagga Compliance Committee Alan Greenstein, Marcus Morrison, Edwin Morrison Version/Last updated October 2016 1. Responsible Lending obligations under the NCCP Act 1.1 Introduction to NCCP Zagga Market Pty Limited (ACN 611 662 401) (Zagga Market) holds an Australian Credit Licence (ACL) to engage in credit activities as a credit provider acting on behalf of the Trustee credit provider, Zagga Investments Pty Limited (ACN 615 154 786) (Zagga Investments), under a CL13 Servicer Agreement. Zagga Investments as credit provider under the loans, will hold its interests under the creditShow MoreRelated Barclays plc: Socially Responsible Corporate Behaviour Essay1646 Words   |  7 PagesBarclays plc: Socially Responsible Corporate Behaviour How does Barclays plc fulfil its obligations to their stakeholders in terms of ethical business practice and socially responsible corporate behaviour? According to The Institute of Business Ethics (cited in MORI, 2003), â€Å"80% of the public believe that large companies have a moral responsibility to society but 61% also thought large companies don’t care†. Why this shocking conclusion? Due to major accounting scandals such as EnronRead MoreEvaluation Of A Training Specialist1095 Words   |  5 Pagesplayed a sheriff. They were responsible for reading dialog from the PowerPoint slide. The royal was also responsible for rewarding audience members with gold coins if questions were answered correctly. (PowerPoint presentation is attached in Appendix.) My creativity in presenting a common topic was cited as the reason I was hired. Human Resources Projects/Duties Teller Training I am responsible for teaching basic banking principles, software applications and bank policy to new tellers and managersRead MoreGlobal Financial Crisis of 2008 in the Movie, How We Got Here840 Words   |  3 Pagescaused the Great recession. The crisis resulted from a combination of complex factors, including easy credit conditions during the period between 2002-2008 that encouraged high-risk lending and borrowing practices without assessing default-risk; international trade imbalances; real-estate bubbles that have burst; fiscal policy choices; and approaches used by nations to bail out troubled banking industries and private bondholders, assuming private debt burdens or socializing losses (Lewis 2011). â€Å"InsideRead MoreEvaluation Of A Technical Assistance886 Words   |  4 PagesSurveillance is best described as an annual audit of the borrowing countries policies around money, labor, trade, as well as the exchange rate, and general macroeconomic health. The results of these audits are given to the government, and also released to the public. I can’t imagine that it’s comfortable for the dependant country to have its fiscal dirty laundry aired, especially when it comes in the form of the opinion of its lending authority. Technical Assistance is deployed to help the governing bodyRead MoreThe Consequences Of Monetary Policy969 Words   |  4 PagesMonetary policy has to do with the regulations that a government puts in place to control money in circulation in the economy. An effective monetary policy will ensure that current and anticipated events in the economy of a country are taken care of. The Federal Reserve (The Fed) is the central bank of the United States, and it is responsible for the formulation and execution of these policies. Banks made available huge amounts of money available in form of loans; banks were responsible for creatingRead MoreThe Subprime Loan Blog Assignment And References Of Resources Researched Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pagesof the page to review the posts. First Post There were many culprits in the subprime loan debacle in the United States starting somewhere around the middle of 2006. Gilbert (2011) state many levels of contributors participated in this mortgage lending crisis. Gilbert (2011) portends some of these included loan applicants, mortgage brokers, lenders, individual mortgage packagers, agencies that rate mortgages, investment brokers, and advisers, and purchasers of the collateralized mortgage obligationsRead MoreFunctions of Central Bank1440 Words   |  6 Pagesin the country and responsible for ensuring the smooth working of banking sector and other financial institutions. Central Bank differs from commercial banks in that it does not engage in ordinary banking activities e.g. accepting deposits from the general public. It is owned by the government while commercial banks are owned by shareholders. CBK usually implements certain government policies. OBJECTIVES OF CENTRAL BANK OF KENYA i. To formulate and implement monetary policy directed to achievingRead MoreWhat Were The Main Cause Of The Crisis?815 Words   |  4 Pagescauses of the crisis? In the United States in 2007-2008, was not caused by a single but a sequence of crisis that rippled through the financial system and the economy. In the financial system there was a contagion spread due to imprudent mortgage lending and subprime loans were disbursed; at the same time, during the house bubble and this cause vulnerability to the financial systems. The Federal Reserve allowed the housing bubble to occur and this promoted low interest rates, relaxed and accessibleRead MoreThe Predominant Mandate Of Central Banks Essay748 Words   |  3 Pagescentral banks is to deal with inflation and keep the financial system stable under any circumstances (Ortiz, 2009), and the central banks handling the monetary policy through popular instruments are the only body who are responsible for doing so. Handa (2009) lists six most important instruments that central banks have used to run the money policy. These tools have been historically developed along with the vicissitudes of the central banks during the growth of the international financial system. Read MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Group Liability1706 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract: An extensive debate exists about the advantages and disadvantages of group liability. In group liability, a group of individuals are responsible for each other’s loans if one member defaults, versus individual liability, where only the borrower is at risk if they default. Group liability in microcredit purports to improve repayment rates through peer screening, monitoring, and enforcement. However, it may create excessive pressure, and discourage reliable clients from borrowing. (1)

Buddhism in America Free Essays

Buddhism is above all the religion of illumination. It seeks to aid those who study and practice at its feet to break throughout all that can fetter or delude in the monarchy of conditioned reality, and become free in Nirvana, Unconditioned Reality. Buddhism does this by leading one to identify the Four Noble Truths the Buddha himself discovered some twenty-five hundred years ago on the eve of his enlightenment. We will write a custom essay sample on Buddhism in America or any similar topic only for you Order Now Beneath the numerous sectarian forms and rich accruals the faith of the Enlightened One has acquired in its journeys through numerous cultures and many centuries, Buddhism eventually depends on these principles. First, life as it is typically lived is unsatisfactory, shot through with anxiety, suffering, and insignificance. Second, this state is the result of attachments or desires, for in a universe of frequent flux and change, seeking to cling to anything from the grossest passion to the subtlest idol of the mind to the idea of being a permanent separate self can never bring anything but sorrow in the end. Third, the condition of suffering and desire can be struck at its point of origin ; there can be an end to desire. Fourth, that can be attained by following the Eightfold Path, which culminates in Right Concentration or Meditation. For meditation is the condition of mind that reverses the mind’s ordinary outflow toward entangling objects of sensory or mental attachment. Zen has been the best-known form of Buddhism in America. This is first of all since it has been fortunate in producing a remarkable series of advocates on these shores: Soyen Shaku, Nyogen Senzaki, above all D. T. Suzuki. That in turn owes to Zen’s relative tolerance and emphasis on humanistic culture and education in its homelands, and its relation to China and Japan’s great custom of arts and letters. But it is also no doubt true that no other account of Buddhism would have communicated itself quite so well to the American mind. Zen’s boast of breaking through words and philosophies in favor of â€Å"direct pointing† and â€Å"immediate experience,† its artistic minimalism and rapport with nature, all appealed to major strands of American consciousness. â€Å"Senzaki, certainly, considered Zen none other than the American practicality of William James or John Dewey in another guise† Rick Fields, 1992, p14. Yet that other guise was not without significance, for while Zen could hark to the American images of ease and self-reliance, it also offered entree into another world of spiritual and cultural wonders, from the inscrutable Zen â€Å"riddles† or koans to the Zen-related martial arts. Zen’s draw for Americans has lain first in its spiritual efficiency, second in its combination of otherness and homeliness. Its greatest spokesman in the West, D. T. Suzuki, like his disciple Alan Watts, subjugated the mix with a sure hand, offering the reader now a whiff of the exotic, now a supportive correlation with a motif of the West. Different aspects of Zen have appealed to diverse segments or generations of Americans. The age of Soyen Shaku and Senzaki Nyogen was, to judge from their own words, eager to hear of the sensibleness of Buddhism as well as its pointing to that beyond all reason. In the 1950s, the image of the â€Å"Zen lunatic† came to the fore in the work of such â€Å"Beat† writers as Jack Kerouac, who summed it all up in The Dharma Bums. The 1960s and 1970s, the era of the great Zen centers and the counterculture, was involved in Zen as a spiritual discipline and total, often communalistic, way of life. All through, still others, from poets like Gary Snyder to composers like John Cage, have been mostly interested in the relation of the Zen vision to artistic creativity. The tensions of these varying Zens are well spoken, and perhaps resolved, in the essay by Alan Watts here reproduced, Beat Zen, Square Zen, and Zen. Whether in tragic conflict or massively lucrative trade, seldom have two nations of such diverse cultural heritage been as intensely involved in one another’s lives as have Japan and the United States in the twentieth century. The diffusion of Zen to America, though but a tiny fragment of that exchange, helps divulge the spiritual dimensions, too seldom yet appreciated, of this significant meeting. From a historical perspective, American Buddhism is also an era making undertaking. One of the great spiritual traditions of Asia is moving west. For about four hundred years, western missionaries, explorers, scholars, and seekers explored Asia, wondered about Buddhism, and studied it. A few even practiced it. The foundation for the transmission of the dharma to the West was ready by many people over many years, but the appearance of the dharma as a significant element in American religion is a development that by comparison occurred only very lately. During the eighties and nineties, many Americans were debating amongst themselves what Buddhism was in this country and what they required it to be. They came up with many diverse ideas about how to form American forms of the dharma, so there is not a single answer to that question, nor is there likely ever to be. There is not one American Buddhism, any longer than there is one American Judaism, Islam, or Christianity. Zen meditation is valuable among Americans, Western associate with Zen has now reached a point where an understanding of the larger historical framework within which Zen articulated itself is also necessary. Such an understanding is significant not only for a more balanced academic view, but also for a more staid appraisal of the meaning of Zen practice for modern American life. The fundamental character of Zen emerged as part of a complex dialectic within Buddhism, and we cannot understand Zen until we realize what it is critiquing. If we take its statements out of their Buddhist context and construe them instead within our own cultural context, they are apt to mean something quite diverse, particularly in the realm of ethics. Zen’s iconoclasm had a different meaning within a cultural context where Buddhist moral teachings were extensively affirmed than it does today to contemporary Americans who lack any such background and who are perhaps already suffering from an excess of moral relativism (Rick Fields, 1992, 194). Buddhist meditation developed and practiced in East Asia. It thus seeks to balance our acquaintance with Zen meditation which, as it is the only East Asian practice with which many Westerners are familiar, is often held up as the archetypal form of East Asian Buddhist meditation by placing it alongside other, evenly representative and vital forms of meditation: the invocation of the Buddha’s name (nien-fo) in Pure Land; visualization (as exemplified by Hsuan-tsang’s visualization of Maitreya); and Chih-i’s monumental T’ien-t’ai synthesis of Buddhist ritual, cultic, and meditation practices. Meditation has been a notoriously vague and multivalent idea—a circumstance that stems, no doubt, from its comparative lack of elaboration and systematization in the Western religious traditions, particularly in their post-Enlightenment forms. That the concept lacks any clearly defined and usually accepted referent in our own general cultural experience does not restrict its attractiveness indeed, it in fact enhances it. Meditation is a very useful category in particular as it can be understood in so many ways. In America it is believed that we should employ â€Å"meditation† in the broadest possible sense in the same sense that we find Buddhists using the term â€Å"dhyana† to include both samatha-bhavana and vipasyana-bhavana (Kapleau, Philip, 1980). There are two reasons for doing this both significant, and both inextricably consistent. First, we must recognize that such an inclusive conception of meditation is required if we are not to obscure what is most distinctive and characteristic about the Buddhist viewpoint on religious practice. Second, only by coming to terms with what is distinguishing and characteristic in Buddhist culture can we gain a better understanding of ourselves. The understanding we seek must not only inform our perception of the alien culture; it should also change our own experience, the understanding of our own culture. The true value of any cross-cultural exploration, after all, lies not in how successful we are in reducing the alien culture to the terms of our own experience. True understanding, rather, is born only when we should expand our own perspective to hold what initially appears to be alien. Yoga is also very significant type of meditation that is very popular among Americans. In yoga, lengthy meditations lead first to the telepathic powers such as those the Buddha attained and eventually to the realization of the illusoriness of all material appearances. In the Yogacara view, there is a sense in which any experience is just as real as any other, whether actually internal and hallucinatory or ostensibly external and objective. All that is eventually real and continuous of the individual is the pure subject, the mind store (alaya-vijnana), although it, too, changes. â€Å"It is this mind store, or alaya-vijnana, that experiences, judges, contemplates, and remembers, thus comprising a locus of identity and continuity through many obvious bodies, or lifetimes†. Ellwood, Robert, 1986. It might well be argued that the alaya-vijnana concept is just a rehabilitation of the old Hindu notion of atman, without the persistence on its ontological permanence and immutability. The early Buddhist perspective says that phenomenon are all that exist and that the apparent self is dogged by the phenomena that it encounters. The Yogacara philosophy, by contrast, says that mind is all that exists, and all obvious phenomena are merely its own projections. Coupled with the belief in medium teachings, the concept that all is only mind has tremendous implications for Vajrayana Buddhism. If all is only mind, the procedure of death and rebirth is no longer an inevitable feature of an external reality to which all must submit. It then becomes unnecessary to actually undergo a long succession of lifetimes, for by changing one’s conscious thoughts, the whole succession can be broken or abridged. Even the law of karma is elevated to a completely different level. No longer are physical actions seen as having expected physical effects. Rather, mental acts are the only acts that have any effects at all, either in actually external happenings or in apparently internal feelings and visions. Karmic determination of an individual’s future good or ill can thus also be evaded or aborted by mental purification and concentration. Mantras, mudras, and samadhi are requisite to affect this change of consciousness necessary to attain nirvana. Here, too, the Vajrayana departs from conventional Samkhya Yoga, in allowing the consumption of meat and wine, and even intercourse with women, encouraging at each step the understanding that none of these phenomena are ultimately real. Under the tutelage of a Vajrayana Lama (guru), the student expects to develop psychic powers, to leave his body, and to experience the Absolute in reverie. Thus, he will prepare himself for the moment of death when he will direct his consciousness out of his body and into final union with Truth (dharmakaya), rather than permitting any further cycles of rebirth. Though, many Americans think that Zen is a Buddhist tradition without formal ritual, which is not actually the case. Zen was first introduced into this country in books that led lots of Americans to think of it as a philosophy rather than a spiritual tradition along with concepts of meditations especially yoga. People also be apt not to think of Zen sitting meditation, while a practitioner might face a wall or sit with downcast eyes for hours, as ritual activity. But every day or even twice-daily stints of yoga, during which a practitioner notes the movement of his or her mind, help to structure the lives of numerous American Buddhists, one of the primary functions of rite. In America, Zen calls up particular genus of art and verse, ink wash, tea ceremonies, haiku poetry, whose special genius is to portray nature just as it is, without theory or theology, yet so vividly as to leave one deeply moved without being quite sure why. Work Cited Ellwood, Robert, ed. Zen in American Life and Letters. Los Angeles : Undena Press, 1986. Kapleau, Philip. The Three Pillars of Zen. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1965, rev. ed. 1980. Rick Fields, How the Swans Came to the Lake: A Narrative History of Buddhism in America, 3rd rev. ed. ( Boston: Shambhala, 1992), 194. How to cite Buddhism in America, Papers

My own Leadership Journey Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the My own Leadership Journey. Answer: My own leadership Journey Leadership is perhaps the key factor for the growth and development of a successful individual. I always had a kind of team spirit within me. I was very much inclined towards any kind of group work. To begin with I would like to talk about my grandfather. He made sure that each and every member of our family is happy and comfortable. He made sure to talk with each and every one of us individually and regularly. He tried his level best to solve the problems of each of the family members and he made sure to encourage everyone of us at every aspect of life. After growing up, finishing up with my education and then joining my job as a senior manager in one of the top MNCs, I have been able to understand and implement all the leadership styles in a better and prominent way (Day et al., 2014). Deriving lessons from my childhood, I have seen that being a leader, I must make sure to initiate proper communication within my team. According to my perception, having a proper communication with e ach other, helps in removing half of the obstacles from the progress path of a team. As a leader, my first responsibility is to see that none of my team members are demotivated at any point of time. Leadership Theories There are many theories of leadership as well that have been influential in my life Great man theory The main belief of this theory is that the individuals born with some great inherent qualities can become successful leaders in their lives. This is because according to this theory, leaders are not made but are born. Though I had the team spirit and the desire of leading several teams in my School and college levels but I do not quite believe this theory. This is because of the fact that there are still many aspects of leadership that I have learnt over time and not right from my birth. Trait theory This theory again is of the belief that there are some inborn traits or specific characteristic features that are present in many individuals by birth. However I havent found this theory to be applicable in my case because this theory has always failed to answer the question that then how is we to categorize those people who contain these qualities but are not leaders. Hence, I cannot highlight any such traits within me right from my birth that has made be an ideal leader (Day et al., 2014). Contingency theory This theory is very much similar to the situational theory which says that any good leader will know which quality to apply and what situation. I find this theory to be somewhat influential in my case because I always try to act as per the requirements of the situation. Situation theory According to my perception, this theory is also very much influential for any and every leaders. I find this theory to be quite applicable in my present job role. I have to take decisions and act as per the demands of the situation. In other words, I have to carry on the method of situational behavior and alter my decisions or my behaviors accordingly. Behavioral theory I often like to go by this theory as it believes that great leaders are not born but are made. This theory believes that people can be good leaders despite of having some physical or mental disabilities. This theory focuses on the actions of the leaders and not on their physical and mental conditions. Management theories This theory is very much business oriented in nature and depends mainly on the principles of rewards and punishments based in the performance of the followers. I find this theory to be kind of well suited to the business purposes but I believe in order to be a good leader one must also know how to be very close to his or her followers not only in the professional field but also in terms of emotion. Transformational or relationship theory This theory has been the most influencing in my case because as the every name suggests, transformational leaders are them who always try to create change within the organization and within the followers as well. In other orders I always focus my leadership qualities to inspire and motivate my flowers. I always keep in mind that my actions must be such so that it can work for the general well being and progress of the team. However I know that this change must be brought not only in the team but also within my individual teammates. Hence, I try to ,motivate and inspire each and every team member separately so that they can recognize their open individual strengths and make use of their highest potential (Neal, Boutselis Bennett 2016). My personality type as per the MyersBriggs Type Indicator (MBTI) :ISF As per my own perceptions, I am an ISFJ personality type. Being a good leader always brings a lot of responsibilities and challenges. I believe that the first important thing that I must do as a leader is to have a sound sense of duty. If I am not dutiful enough towards my work and my followers, then I can never expect the same from them. I always keep in mind that these are not only my followers whom I should guide in the work field in order to increase the productivity of the organization (Adams, Campbell Deming., 2017). As a leader I must maintain some other duties as well like supporting them emotionally. Once it so happened, that I was extremely sick and was asked to take complete bed rest. At the same time I had a board meeting with foreign delegates. This was a meeting for which my team mates had been working hard and putting in all their effort for a long time. I have seen them working with all their dedication by even skiing their meals, their break times and their holidays (OKeeffe, Ozuem Lancaster., 2016). They have done this not only for their own personal benefit but for me as well. So I realized that no matter how much sick I am, I cannot let the hard work of my followers go in vain. So, I plucked up my strength and took my medicines and went to the meeting. This was because I knew that this meeting would not have been possible without me. My team mates would have felt very much neglected. I could not let this happen at any cost ( Clauss?Ehlers Parham 2014).Being a leader I kept in mind that I need duty comes first than everything else. It was my duty to be with followers through thick and thin and to guide them always. Leaders who are influential in my life Here, I would like about two most important people and great icons that have helped me in shaping my leadership skills. The first is the famous US President Franklin D Roosevelt, who has guided the entire nation towards peace and progress. However, the fact about him that has always inspired me a great deal is his will power and his sense of duty towards his followers and his nation. He was rendered paralyzed down his waist and had to use a wheelchair known as the FDR throughout. Another such example is that of Nick Vujicic. He was born with a very rare kind of disease (McCleskey, 2014). He was born without legs and arms. However inspite of having such major difficulties he is today a very renowned painter, an artist and a motivational speaker. He motivates the common public so that they can thrive all the major difficulties in life. Thus I have learned from the case of Nick Vujicic, that there is nothing called as inborn or inherent leadership traits. Leaders like nick Vujicic has m ade me realize that the theories like trait theory and great man theory are really quite pointless in the real world. Feedback given by my partner The feedback given by my partner regarding my leadership journey and my current challenges has also been very helpful. According to him I have been able to develop the 4 types of organizational culture very well within me. Name of cultures Roles associated Power culture I have been able to maintain the dignity and personality associated with my position of a leader. Role culture I have been able to efficiently carry on with my role of guiding and supporting all my followers Task culture I have been able to initiate the smoothness, and speed, accuracy and also the efficiency within all the projects undertaken my group (followers) in the organization. Person culture However, I need to develop or change the take of my followers in this particular field. Improvement area: Inculcating Cultural Leadership As per the feedback given by my partner I need to improve in the person culture part, which basically talks about the values and the principles that are inculcated by me within my followers. The challenge that I have been facing is a kind of disparity, misunderstanding or discrimination going on between many of the team mates or the followers based on different cultural differences. These differences are arising because of the many varied reasons. As all of my team mates are from different national or cultural backgrounds they are often having problems in adjusting with each other. As their leader I had to help them deal with this problem. Principles of cultural intelligence I decided to follow the principles of cultural intelligence Cognitive level I explained and trained all my followers that they are a team and the mantra of team progress is respect for each other. I made them communicate with each other as much as possible by engaging them as small groups in many projects. This would enable them to interact with each other, understand each bothers customs and practices (OKeeffe, Ozuem Lancaster., 2016). Physical level I made sure to inculcate the very basic and common values of peer learning and peer respect within my followers. The first and foremost thing I did was to select a common dress code for the entire team; this at once would bring the feeling of unity within them. I made it mandatory that whenever they come across each other within the organization they must greet each other with a little smile, a greet or a slight pat on the back. Emotional level I also made sure that none of my followers are misbehaving among themselves or hurting the emotions and sentiments of each other. I trained them to be good listeners first and then a speaker. They must know how to respect each other and work together as a team (Neal, Boutselis Bennett 2016). National and organizational culture As I have to maintain a team that comprises of so many people coming from so many different backgrounds I also have to imbibe some aspects of the national and organizational culture. I have tried and imbibed within them some of the universal positivity and negativities. As a modern leader, I must know how to adjust with all my followers who are coming from so many different backgrounds. In order to do this I have to make sure that all the other members working within the organization are also able to adjust easily with their colleagues irrespective of the cultural or global differences. I have inculcated within myself the following principles in order to cope up with the other employees of many band varied cultures (McCleskey, 2014). Universal positivity I have tried my level best to gain the trust of my followers I always try to stay honest in any and every endeavors Motivational I consider it as one of my prime duty to motivate my followers throughout. Universal negativities There are some of the traits that I try to avoid. They are Ruthless Dictatorial Egocentric Irritable As a leader I must always try to appear friendly and frank with my followers rather than being bossy or doctorial. Apart from this, I always try to be one among them I believe unless I see things through their eyes I will never be able to help them or sort out their problems. I must give my egos in order to understand them. If I always try to prove myself superior then I will turn out to be extremely irritable to my fellow followers. They will no longer respect me or obey them. I believe in the values of respect and politeness rather than dictating and dominating (OKeeffe, Ozuem Lancaster., 2016). Culturally contingent leadership qualities In order to act as leader in a global cross cultural environment I have to make sure that I follow some of the culturally contingent leadership qualities like that of Sincerity Logical Sensitive Class conscious Ambitious In order to initiate a proper communication between me and all my followers I have started many new programs and campaigns. These programs would talk about the advantages of speaking freely with one another. I also believe that interacting with employees belonging from so many different cultural backgrounds will also enable in making many new and innovative products and production techniques within the organization. References Adams, L. T., Campbell, J., Deming, K. (2017). Diversity: A key aspect of 21st century faculty roles as implemented in the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Nurse Faculty Scholars program.Nursing Outlook,65(3), 267-277. Clauss?Ehlers, C. S., Parham, W. D. (2014). Landscape of diversity in higher education: Linking demographic shifts to contemporary university and college counseling center practices.Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development,42(2), 69-76. Cuervo Castro, N. S. (2016). Multicultural work environment as a key in cross-cultural negotiations and organizations performance: Canada overview. Day, D. V., Fleenor, J. W., Atwater, L. E., Sturm, R. E., McKee, R. A. (2014). Advances in leader and leadership development: A review of 25years of research and theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), 63-82. Grimm, B. L., Watanabe?Galloway, S., Britigan, D. H., Schumaker, A. M. (2015). A qualitative analysis to determine the domains and skills necessary to lead in public health.Journal of Leadership Studies,8(4), 19-26. Leroy, H., Anseel, F., Gardner, W. L., Sels, L. (2015). Authentic leadership, authentic followership, basic need satisfaction, and work role performance: A cross-level study.Journal of Management,41(6), 1677-1697. McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), 117. Neal, D. J., Boutselis, P. S., Bennett, J. (2016). The United Kingdom Ministry of Defencethe Case for Followership as a key Element of Leadership Development. OKeeffe, A., Ozuem, W., Lancaster, G. (2016). Leadership marketing: an exploratory study.Journal of Strategic Marketing,24(5), 418-443. Schyns, B., Riggio, R. E. (2016). Implicit Leadership Theories.Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1-7.

My Ideal Wife Essay Example

My Ideal Wife Essay My Ideal WifeA Descriptive Essay A popular saying goes, Marriage involves three rings: the engagement ring, the wedding ring, and the suffering. If it is commonly felt that marriage is so difficult, why do most people wish to get married? Probably, the instinct to find a mate is inherent in human beings; and I am no exception. Somehow, I believe that there is someone out there who was made especially for me, and, once I find her, we will fall in love, and get married; and only then will I feel complete. So, how will I recognize the right girl for me? What qualities should I be looking for? It is very important to have a person you can always rely on. I want my wife to be this person. She would be tightly connected with my life. I want to wake up by her tender kiss. The first thing I would see would be her smiling face. She would make a breakfast for us. We would call each other from time to time during all day. In the evening I want to have dinner with her, cooked by her, and fall asleep holding my arms around her. First of all, my future wife should be my best friend. I want to share all my troubles, sorrows and dreams with her. We will write a custom essay sample on My Ideal Wife specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on My Ideal Wife specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on My Ideal Wife specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She would never let me down and I could always rely on her. Secondly, I want my wife to be my partner. Everything would be common for us: our children, our house, our money, and duties. And we would have to make important decisions together. They should be sensible and reasonable. Also, we should trust each other. Next, I want to have a good mother for my future children. She should be warm-hearted, gentle, understanding, and sometimes strict with them because a mother plays more important role in bringing up children than a man does. I wish my children were worthy members of modern society. Then, my wife should be an elegant and a good-looking woman. I want her to have smartness and beauty combined. Nowadays it is quite difficult to find a girl who is smart and beautiful at the same time but I will do my best to find her. Character is more important than looks. I cannot deny that I am attracted to good-looking girls, but marrying solely for physical attraction will probably lead to short term pleasure but life-long regret. I have also noticed that beautiful women are often vain and rrogant, which I find most unattractive. One of the main things that I admire in a woman is humility. Such a woman will not boast about her wealth, intelligence or achievements, but, instead appreciate other peoples abilities and achievements. She will also readily admit when she has made a mistake. Such a woman would be a joy to live with. Good communication is the key to any solid relationship, most of all, marriage. I would want my future wife to share her thoughts with me. I want to hear her dreams and to share in her struggles. On the other hand, I will also need someone who will be ready to listen to me, and interested to know what is happening in my life. There should be no secrets between us. Life is full of challenges. We can expect to face failure as well as success; heartache as well as joy; boredom as well as excitement. So, the perfect wife should have a positive attitude and a good sense of humour. She should be witty and say things which make me laugh. The perfect wife would also be one who can see the silver lining behind every cloud, rather than focus on the flaws in every situation. With such a woman, I will be encouraged to look at life in a happier and more positive way. Above all other qualities, the perfect wife will be faithful. She must be someone who really believes in that marriage is made to last till death do us part. She will be totally committed to our relationship, and willing to stay for the long haul, in sickness and in health, for better or for worse; as couples promise in the wedding vows. The perfect wife would not be distracted by other men; not even when I have lost my looks. He would be a one man woman. In return, I will also promise my total loyalty and faithfulness to my future wife. Actually, there are many other qualities that make a woman an ideal wife. However, while it is easy to make lists, finding a woman to live up to them will be very difficult. Furthermore, instead of focusing on my requirements for the perfect wife, I think I should recognize my own imperfections, and set about correcting them. As Barnett Brickner said, Success in marriage does not come merely through finding the right mate, but through being the right mate. | |

Free Essays on Research

1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.1.1 General Discussion â€Å"The development of the motor vehicle industry in Australia had been the result of government intervention and directives rather than entrepreneurial skills applied in a free market† (www.ibisworld.com.au). The industry was characterised by a large amount of assistance such as the protectionist policies which began in 1902, five years after the first car was built. There were high tariff levels of 57.5 percent as well as import quotas of 20 percent (†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦). The federal government decided that it wanted a complete car manufactured in Australia so in 1944, this challenge was taken up by General Motors, Holden Limited. Twenty years after, the government made an announcement about the Australian made vehicle (www.ibisworld.com.au). In 1985, there was another policy adopted by the Australian car industry. It was known as the Button Plan and the main objective of the plan was to reduce the number of manufacturers from five to three and to expose the industry to more competition by phasing down import tariffs (www.ibisworld.com.au). In 1996, there was a reduction of tariffs to 25.0 percent (www.ibisworld.com.au). In 1976, there were two new manufacturers in the motor vehicle industry of Australia. They were AMI Toyota and Nissan. Due to their entry into the market, production costs increased. In 1984 and 1985, the production sector recorded profits on the domestic Profitability on Passenger motor vehicle (PMV). However, in 1986, there were significant losses and downfall in the domestic market for PMVs (www.ibisworld.com.au). Ford and Mitsubishi recorded profits, while Holden and AMI Toyota had a big loss. The motor vehicle sector itself made a loss of $224 million in 1990 (www.ibisworld.com.au). Although sales declined in 1986 and 1987, investment expenditure continued to increase till 1988 when the level of investment fell due to the completion of the... Free Essays on Research Free Essays on Research 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.1.1 General Discussion â€Å"The development of the motor vehicle industry in Australia had been the result of government intervention and directives rather than entrepreneurial skills applied in a free market† (www.ibisworld.com.au). The industry was characterised by a large amount of assistance such as the protectionist policies which began in 1902, five years after the first car was built. There were high tariff levels of 57.5 percent as well as import quotas of 20 percent (†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦). The federal government decided that it wanted a complete car manufactured in Australia so in 1944, this challenge was taken up by General Motors, Holden Limited. Twenty years after, the government made an announcement about the Australian made vehicle (www.ibisworld.com.au). In 1985, there was another policy adopted by the Australian car industry. It was known as the Button Plan and the main objective of the plan was to reduce the number of manufacturers from five to three and to expose the industry to more competition by phasing down import tariffs (www.ibisworld.com.au). In 1996, there was a reduction of tariffs to 25.0 percent (www.ibisworld.com.au). In 1976, there were two new manufacturers in the motor vehicle industry of Australia. They were AMI Toyota and Nissan. Due to their entry into the market, production costs increased. In 1984 and 1985, the production sector recorded profits on the domestic Profitability on Passenger motor vehicle (PMV). However, in 1986, there were significant losses and downfall in the domestic market for PMVs (www.ibisworld.com.au). Ford and Mitsubishi recorded profits, while Holden and AMI Toyota had a big loss. The motor vehicle sector itself made a loss of $224 million in 1990 (www.ibisworld.com.au). Although sales declined in 1986 and 1987, investment expenditure continued to increase till 1988 when the level of investment fell due to the completion of the...

Auditing - report on the audit of Perfect Pies Lmt Essay

Auditing - report on the audit of Perfect Pies Lmt - Essay Example The company’s reserves have also increased during the current financial year which shows that its investors are considering the company lucrative and are planning to have a long term association with it. The company’s current ratio is also very much stable and presents the fact that the company is utilizing its resources prudently. We have been appointed as the statutory auditor of the company, for the financial year ended March 31, 2012, in order to express an opinion whether the financial statement of the company are free from any misstatement and represent a true and fair view of the affairs of the company. By analyzing the financial performance of the company in the prior year, and considering the asset base, the company has been classified as SME (small and medium sized entity). The audit methodology, risk coverage and materiality have all been considered and devised which are relevant for the audit of a SME. The materiality has been calculated by averaging out the profit of the current year and prior year and applying a haircut of 5% which is suitable for SMEs. After the completion of the interim audit, no such event was identified which could question that the financial statements of the company are materially misstated. ... Due to uncontrollable circumstances, appropriate test of details could not be performed on the closing stock balance, whereas, the result of the test of details on debtor balance has also highlighted few grey areas. Certain discrepancy has also been observed in the carrying value of the non-current assets. Stocks The period from December to May is the busy season, during which our limited number of staff tries to cater a diverse and complex array of client, it becomes difficult sometimes to provide sufficient number of individual in an audit team to carry out the audit as planned. Due to the mentioned issue, the stock count of Perfect Pies Limited at its Wolverhampton site could not be performed. Audit procedure in such situation was only curtailed to management’s enquiry and placing reliance on the client provided schedule. During the visit to the Wolverhampton site, the audit team acquired the detailed report of the stock from the stock keeper and reconciled the total balanc e as of the report with the carrying value of the stock as reported in the financial statement. The previously mentioned audit procedure is quite successful to acquire comfort over the completeness and valuation of the stock balance. As per the applicable financial reporting framework, stock balance is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Without actually assessing the physical condition of the stock it is not possible to identify he stock item over which the NRV testing should be performed. There’s also a chance that the stock item mentioned in the stock list might not be present at all, thus it is important to count the stock as either ‘tag to floor’ or ‘floor to tag’. Since all of the above procedure could

Opinion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Opinion - Essay Example ovide the police officers with protection from the retaliation of the surprised residents as they might retaliate in self-defense, to provide the private property with protection from harm, and to safeguard the dignity and privacy of the residents. Considering the details of the Hudson v. Michigan case, it becomes obvious that the police officers did not face retaliation from the residents. They neither damaged any private property of the residents nor harmed the dignity of the residents and particularly Hudson. Although his privacy might be considered intruded into, yet this is balanced out by the fact that Officer Jamal Good did wait for three to five seconds before entering Hudson’s home, which can be considered a reasonable time considering the fact that the investigation was made fundamentally to find drugs and firearms that could have easily been hidden had the police waited any longer. Besides, the knock-and-announce rule was never employed to protect the personal inter est of a resident in hiding the evidence needed by a warrant from the government. If Hudson was granted his appeal, the negative effects of the decision would have far outweighed the positive outcomes and the decision would have led to increased and unreasonable freedom of the convicts in the future cases as well. The criminal procedure in the US is derived from a range of legal sources that include but are not limited to the US Constitution’s baseline protections, state statutes, federal statutes, state and federal rules regarding the criminal procedure, and the federal and state case laws. The criminal procedure in the US has a very rational process of presentation of evidence in which the case is first presented by the prosecution in which the prosecution summarizes its arguments through an opening statement. The defense in turn might wait for the prosecution to complete its presentation of the case completely or might give its opening statement. The prosecution calls upon the

GDP Growth of Apple Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

GDP Growth of Apple Company - Essay Example nd services are primarily a luxury good for individuals within relatively developed nations, the focus that Apple should take is upon representing the main focus of their strategy and advertising to those that can afford such products and services. Naturally, this will encourage Apple to take a broad overview of GDP and purchasing power parity that exists within many different economies as a means of understanding what socio-demographic sectors and regions will most likely represent their consumer base. Taking the case of Europe as an example, one might be inclined to understand that the established and powerful Western European economies are the main areas in which Apple should focus its marketing. However, this is not quite the case. Due to the resurgence of Eastern Europe over the past decade, the overall purchasing power of these individuals cannot and should not be discounted. As figure 1 denotes, counties such as Latvia , Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland have noted some of the most drastic GDP growth figures over the past few years. As such, Apple would be highly remiss if it did not recognize these emerging markets and seek to represent a strategic focus on selling products and services to individuals within them. However, with that being said, it should also be noted that the economies of Western Europe cannot and should not be ignored either. As figure 2 denotes, after the 2007/2008 financial collapse that saw most of the world’s economies slow down significantly, Western European nations have posted impressive numbers for overall GDP growth. As such, a dual strategy should be employed by the firm as can be engaged through a relevant understanding of the statistics that have thus far been represented. One such approach would be to offer lower price products and services within the Eastern European markets while offering higher priced goods and service offerings to those individuals within Western Europe. What is being described and defined is not

Examining the history and background of intangible assets

Examining the history and background of intangible assets In the majority of 20th century, tangible assets is considered to be the main source of the commercial value, which include fixed asset such as buildings, land, manufacturing as well as financial assets such as bonds and their valuation. They were shown in the financial statement after valuation which is based on their cost and/or outstanding value. However, it is not mean that people do not recognize or pay any attention on intangible assets, though the specific value of intangible assets is not clear and recorded in the balance sheet. Even now, the priority companys evaluation on profitability and performance is still focus on those assets excluding intangible assets, for example, predicting return on investment, evaluating the value of fixed assets or equity. Because there are no recording value of intangible assets in the accounting book, they are not included in price relative measurements as well, such as price and book value ratio. But in the last 25 years of this century the awareness of creating value for the shareholders changed dramatically, people start to keep eyes on intangible assets and their valuation. Though people do not pay so much attention on the benefit from intangible assets, it is not mean that management of the company are not aware of the importance of such assets. It seems that most of successful businesses are due to successful corporate management of intangible assets such as brands, patents, technology and employees, but still lack of explicit valuation on such assets. Their values are summarized in the whole value of the assets, no any recording Independently. The owners of some major brands, such as Coca-Cola, Procter Gamble and Nestle did do some actives to protect their intangible assets and recognized the importance of their brand, but there were still not intentions on intangibles on the stock market to substitute for investors concerned about their assessment of the value develop from tangible assets. We will discuss some important cases below with evidences to support what I have said above. So this report will trace the history and background of intangible assets(Brands mainly) to look for the answer why intangible assets(Brands mainly) should be recorded Independently in financial report and analysis the benefits by using cases in practice. We will also discuss the manners of brands valuation and the benefits. Those two main contents will be discussed Independently and both are focus on theory and practice. The date and information are researched form internet and some related books. A table will be quoted with proper referencing(see reference). Introduction Structure of the report The main body of the report is consist of six chapters. In chapter one, introduction In chapter two, the theory on reporting brands In chapter three, Benefit from brands in practice In chapter four, The social value of the brand In chapter five, The theory on brand valuation manners In chapter six, the function of brand valuation in practice In chapter seven, conclusion In chapter one, it is about the theory of intangible assets under IAS 38 and FASB. Including, the definition of intangible assets by IAS 38, manner of recognition and measurement of intangibles, useful life of intangibles. It will illustrate gradually which types of intangibles should be recognized on the financial statement and how to valuate from the basic knowledge point. A brief introduction to the theory of three main valuation approaches (income approach, market approach and cost approach) will be involved. In chapter two, I will using three UK companies (Coca-Cola, Amazon and Sony Ericsson ) in different sectors as case studies to show the application of theory to practice and also get feedback by compare those company approach of intangible assets. Aiming to find out the what is the effect recording intangibles in the financial statements has on the interpretation of corporate financial performance. Get the manner how to maintain the asset value of companies brands. In chapter three, I will try to indicate several recommendations base on above expound. Assuming suggest the historical cost of intangible assets are disclosed on the corporate balance sheets while the fair value of intangible assets to be disclosed in financial statements to enable enterprises to reflect a more complete and realistic accounting information. Background to the topic Acquired the brand in the late 20th century, waves of 80 caused a great deal of goodwill accounting standards, the majority can not be a reasonable approach to handling the economy. Transactions led to the goodwill accounting in the debate on the balance sheet, including Nestle Rowntree, United Biscuits acquisition and divestitures Kebler purchase, the Metropolitan made Pillsbury and Danones acquisition of Nabisco European business. The so-called goodwill accounting practice does not involve the growing importance of intangible assets, with the company to make acquisitions they think the punishment is valueenhancing results. They either face the profit and loss account (income statement), or they had to write off the amount of reserves and the end of the acquisition of the asset base than ever before in many cases a large number of lower amortization expense. In countries such as Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand is still possible to recognize the acquisition of identifiable intangible brand value, and proposed the acquisition of these companies balance sheet. This helps solve the problem in good faith. Then, as the brand recognition of intangible assets used by a gray area of accounting, at least in the United Kingdom and France, so companies do not encourage including a balance sheet on the brand, but not unable to do so. In the mid-80s, Reckitt Colman, the British firm, to its Airwick brand, which recently acquired the balance sheet value; major metropolitan area and Smirnov did not brand it as part of the acquisition, with Heublein. At the same time, some newspaper groups to its acquisition of the rise of their balance sheet value. To the late 80s, on the balance sheet was the understanding of brand value within the company led to valuable financial assets, internally generated brands, similar recognition. 1988, Rank Hovis McDougall (RHM), the UKs leading food group, to play their brand of power heavily in the successful defense of Goodman Field Wattie (GFW) hostile takeover bid. RHMs defense strategy includes an exercise to demonstrate the value of RHMs brand portfolio. This is the first to establish an independent brand value, the value of this is possible, not only when they acquired the brand, and when they were created by the company itself. Successfully resisted the bid GFW, RHM in its 1988 financial accounts of the value of all internally generated intangible assets, and get the brand on the balance sheet. In 1989, the London Stock Exchange approved the concept of brand valuation allowed by the RHM shareholders approved the acquisition of intangible assets included in class test. This proved to be a major wave of consumer products companies to promote brand awareness to their balance sheets as intangible brand value. In the UK, including Cadbury, city (when it is 50 billion purchase of Pillsbury), Guinness, Li Bo (when it acquired the Hilton), and United Biscuits (including Smiths brand). Theory on reporting brands The FASB and other accounting bodies have stated that the financial reporting should provide information: that is useful to potential investors and creditors and other users in making rational investment, credit, and similar decisions; that helps current and potential investors, creditors, and other users in assessing the amounts, timing, and uncertainty of prospective cash receipts and net cash inflows to the enterprise; and that describes the economic resources of an enterprise, the claims to those resources, and the effect of transactions, events, and circumstances that change its resources, and claims to those resources (Nearon, 2003). Today, including Louis Vuitton, LOreal, Gucci, Prada and PPR many companies have recognized the acquisition of their balance sheet brand. Some companies already use the brand value and provide historical performance indicators as a financial brand value, as an investor relations tool, the balance sheet of their brand identity. In accounting standards, the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand have been allowed to acquired range of leading brands in the balance sheet, and provide information on how to deal with detailed guidelines of goodwill acquired the road. In 1999, the UK Accounting Standards Boards FRS 10 and 11 of the acquired goodwill in the balance sheet treatment. International Accounting Standards Board and International Accounting Standard 38, after the suit. In the spring of 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Board released 141 and 142, giving up centralized accounting and laying about recognition of acquired goodwill in the balance sheet of the detailed rules. There are indications that most of the accounting standards, including international and British Standards, will ultimately converted to the U.S. model. This is because most of the U.S. capital markets to raise capital or business in the United States must abide by international companies with account ing principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). All the main provisions of these accounting standards, the acquisition of goodwill needs to be used on the balance sheet and amortized in accordance with its service life. However, if the brand can claim unlimited life intangible assets not subject to amortization. Instead, companies need to be tested for impairment annually. If the value is higher than the initial valuation of the same or higher in the balance sheet value of assets remains unchanged. If the impairment of the value of low, need to write the assets down to a lower value. The recommended method of valuation is the discounted cash flow (DCF) and the market value approach. Valuation of the need for business unit (or subsidiary), generated revenue and profit performance. Once the acquisition accounting treatment of goodwill is to improve financial reporting for intangible assets such as brand an important step. It is still not enough, because only with goodwill recognized and reported in detail down to a minor footnote account. This has led to distortions, McDonalds brand and does not appear in the companys balance sheet, even though it is estimated to be about 70 percent of total stock market value (see Table 2.1), but the Burger King brand recognition of the balance sheet . There is still a quality brand is recognized in the balance sheet valuation. While some companies use a brand specific valuation methods, other less sophisticated valuation techniques, often doubt values. Financial report on the introduction of line is a long-term enterprise value of the real debate is likely to continue, but if there greater consistency, greater brand assessment approaches and the report of the brand values, corporate asset value will become more transparent mu ch. Benefit from Brands in practice The growing awareness of the value of intangible assets, with companies in the gap between book value and stock market valuations are increasing and the market value of these shares in the merger and acquisitions in the late 80s surge of premium paid. Now, it may be argued that, in general, mostly from the derived value of corporate intangible assets. Asset Management attention will undoubtedly greatly increased. The brand is a special kind of intangible assets, in many enterprises is the most important asset. This is because the economic impact of the brand. They affect the choice of customers, employees, investors and government agencies. In the world of abundant choices, this effect is a commercial success and the key to shareholder value creation. Even as a non-profit organizations have begun to embrace receive donations, sponsors and volunteers the key assets of the brand. Some brands also show a remarkable durability. The worlds most valuable brand, a Coca-Cola is more than 118 years, and the worlds most valuable brand, the majority of more than 60 years. Compared with surviving a string of different business owners, estimated to be 25 years or so.2 average life expectancy of many brands. A number of studies attempt to estimate the contribution of brands to shareholder value. In Interbrand and JP Morgan, a correlation (see Table 2.1) concluded that the average brands account for more than a third of shareholder value. Research shows that brand and create significant value both as a consumer or business brand or both. More than 70 percent of McDonalds shareholder value, brand accounts. Coca-Cola brand accounted for 51 percent of Coca-Cola stock market value. While this is true, the company has other drinks, such as Sprite and Fanta brands of large-scale combinations. Harvard University researchers and South Carolina3 and the Best Global Brands list in the select company Interbrand4 show that companies with strong brand is better than respect for the market in a number of indicators. It also shows that a portfolio from the worlds best brand, brand value was significantly higher than the weighted implementation of the MSCI World Index and the Morgan Stanley Capital International to focus on the S P 500 index better. Today, the key and leading enterprises in the management of intangible assets. For example, the Ford Motor Company to reduce investment in intangible assets, tangible benefit of its asset base. In the past few years, it has spent more than 12 billion U.S. dollars acquisition of Jaguar and other famous brands The social value of the brand The economic value of the brand, its owner is now widely accepted, but their social value is not very clear. Brand building to do any other value than all of them is the value that they create large social costs? 7, the popularity of global brands, so many brands around the world the focus of discontent. They believe that as a brand and exploiting workers in developing countries between the homogenization of culture and other issues directly linked. In addition, the brand has been accused of stifling competition, sully, to encourage monopoly and limit consumer choice of the capitalist system of the United States and Germany. On the contrary argument is that brands create substantial social as well as increasing competition as a result of the economic value of improving product performance and brand owners on the stress behavior of socially responsible way. The basis of race performance, and price, this is the nature of brand competition, and promote product development and improvement. And there is evidence that the promotion of companies than others in their class to do their own brands more often be more innovative in their respective categories. A European brand Association8 European PIMS study showed that fewer brands of products launched less significant investment in the development of small and less than rival brands of product advantages. Almost all of the non-branded half of the sample, compared to product development, nothing more than a brand less than a quarter samples. Though 26 percent of non-branded producers of new products have never made an important, a figure far below a collection of seven percent for the brand. Need to keep the brand relevant R D promotion, increased investment, leading to product improvement and development of the ongoing process. Brand owners are responsible for their quality and brand products and services, and their moral behavior. As the business from the brand value and sales and stock price, the potential costs of the act is far greater than any benefit directly immoral, than the monitoring costs and business ethics. A number of high profile brands have been accused of unethical behavior. Interestingly, these are already developing voluntary codes of conduct and internal control systems use some of the brand. This is not to say that these brands have been successful elimination of the unethical business practices, but at least show their will to address this issue. The gap between the companys more honest to admit that they have the moral behavior of the bridge, they will appear more credible. Nike, a number of suppliers in developing countries, the employment system of the criticism of a company, now post the results and factory workers www.nikebiz.com external audit and interview. The concerns of multinational companies is understandable, taking into account a 5% drop in sales of brand value may result in the loss of more than one billion U.S. dollars. It is in their economic interests of the clear moral. Theory on Brand Valuation Manners Some have always attached importance to the economic value of the degree of brand and other intangible assets, but it is only established in the late 80s the valuation methods may be fairly claim to understand and assess the specific value of the brand. Of: on a single brand values is now widely accepted. For those concerned with accounting, transfer pricing and licensing agreements, mergers and acquisitions valuebased management, brand valuation plays a key role in business today. Brand Valuation approach Unlike such as stocks, bonds, commodities and real estate assets, there is no brand value, will provide similar active market. Therefore, to reach an authoritative and effective way, to the growing number of brand evaluation model. Most fall into two categories: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ research-based brand equity evaluation, and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ purely financial-driven approach (1) Research-based approach There are numerous brand equity model, using consumer research to assess the relative performance of the brand. Not to the brands financial value, but they measure consumer behavior and attitudes, there is a brand of economic performance. Although these models are complex and complexity vary, they all tried to explain, explain and measure the impact of consumer behavior point of view. They include: 1, such as different levels of knowledge (foreign aid, finance, spiritual), knowledge, familiarity, relevance, specific image attributes, purchase consideration, preference, satisfaction, perceptions and recommendations of the wide range of measures. Some models add, such as market share and relative price behavior measures. Through different stages and the depth of the statistical model, which measures whether a rank order, to provide from the barrier, leading to a conscious choice and purchase, or relative of their overall consumer concepts, provide an overall score or measure brand equity. A combination of indicators of a change or expected to affect consumer behavior, which in turn would affect the financial value of the brand. However, these methods do not distinguish between, such as other influential factors, design and brand development. Therefore, they did not provide specific sales targets and between the financial performance of the brand a clear link. A strong brand can be the basis of these indicators, but still can not create a financial and shareholder value. Understanding, interpretation and measure of brand equity is essential to assess the brands financial value. After all, they are the key to consumer purchase behavior measures, given the success of the brand. However, unless they are an economic model, they are not sufficient to assess the economic value of the brand. (2) Financial-driven approach Cost-based approach is defined as all historical or replacement costs incurred, so that the current state of the brand needs a brand value of aggregation: in development costs, marketing costs, advertising and other communications costs combined, and so on. These methods fail because there is no direct correlation between financial investment and increase the brand value. Financial investment is the establishment of an important component of brand value, as long as it is targeted effectively. If not, it may not make a difference in beans. Investment demand significantly exceeded the advertising and promotion, including research and development, employee training, packaging and product design, retail design. Factors in brand valuation (1)Comparable. Another method is to reach a whole new thing on the basis of comparison value. However, comparability is difficult in the case of the brand, because, by definition, they should be differentiated, so are not comparable. In addition, in the same category of brand value creation can be very different, even though most other areas, such as the target groups basic business, advertising expenditures, price promotion and distribution channels are similar or identical. Comparable offers an interesting cross-examination, but, even if they can not rely solely on brand valuation. (2)Premium price. In the premium price method, the value of the net premiums of the present value of future price of a brand without the brand through a common command or equivalent. However, the main purpose of many brands is not necessarily to obtain higher prices, but to ensure the highest level of future demand. The value of these brands is to ensure the future generation, rather than the protection of a premium. This applies to a number of durable and non-durable consumer goods. This approach is flawed, because one of the few common brands can compare the premium price equivalents. Today, almost everything is brand, and in some cases can serve as a store brand as a brand producers charge the same or similar prices strong. Competition between brands and product price differentials can be indicators of its strength, but it will not be the only and most important value contribution to the basic operations of a brand. (3)Economic use. This is a driver of brand equity measures or means of financial measures to a complete lack of any financial or marketing component to provide a brand of integrity and strong economic valuation. Economic use method, which in 1988 developed a combination of brand equity and financial measures, and has become the most widely recognized and accepted brand valuation method. It has been used for over 3500 worldwide brand valuation. Economic use is based on the basic marketing and financial principles: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Marketing principles related to business functions, the implementation of the enterprise brand. First, the brand will help create customer demand. Customers can be individual consumers and businesses under the Consumer The nature of the business and purchase conditions. Customer demand into income through the purchase quantity, price and frequency. Second, brand loyalty and long-term security by buying customers. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ related to the financial principles for the future expected net profit, widely used in the commercial concept of present value. The brands future earnings to determine, and then discounted to net present value of the discount rate, reflecting the risk of achieving these gains. Brands valuation steps In order to capture a complex brand value creation, take the following five steps: 1. Market segmentation. Customer brand choice, but the influence of different brands in the market determined the operation. Split brand and market access of non-overlapping homogeneous consumer groups, such as by product or service, sales channels, consumption patterns, purchasing maturity, geography, existing and new customers for the standard, and so on. The value of the brand in each segment and the segment of the valuation of the sum constitutes the total value of the brand. 2. Financial analysis. To identify and forecast revenue and generated by the brand established in step 1 for each different part of the intangible benefits. Intangible income is income minus operating costs, the brand, the use of the applicable tax rates and the cost of capital. This concept is similar to the concept of economic profit. 3. Needs analysis. Assess the role of the brand to play in the promotion of products and markets, the demand for business services, and determine what proportion of intangible earnings is measured as an indicator of the brand is called by the brands target role. This is done by first identifying the business needs of a variety of brand drivers, and then determine to what extent each driver is directly affected brands. The role of branding index represents the brand produced by the percentage of intangible earnings. Proceeds from the sale multiplied by the brand index of the role of intangible benefits. 4. Competitive benchmarking. Decided competitive advantage and disadvantage in brand specific brand derived discount rate, reflecting the expected future earnings of their risk profile (which is measured by an indicator known as the brand strength score). This includes a wide range of competitive benchmarking and market the brand, stable leadership, trends, support, geographic footprint and legal protective structure evaluation. 5. Brand value. Brand value is the net present value of brand earnings, discounted by the brand discount rate forecast (NPV). Net present value calculation includes both the forecast period and a later period, reflect the brands future ability to continue to generate income. A brand valuation of the market in a hypothetical example is shown in Table 2.2. This calculation is a useful model of brand value in various situations, such as: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Forecast market and investment strategies; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Identify and evaluate the communication budget; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ calculate the return on investment on the brand; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ assess the opportunities, lack of new or developing markets; and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ tracking brand value management. The function of brand valuation in practice The application of brand valuation has been greatly expanded since its founding in 1988, it is the most strategic use of marketing and financial decisions. There are two main types of applications: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Strategic brand management, brand valuation focused on the domestic audience the tools and process management to improve the economic value of the brand. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ financial transactions, the brand valuation of brand-related transactions with outside parties, all kinds of help. Strategic Brand Management Economic value of brand awareness, increase brand equity for the effective management of demand. In the pursuit of increasing shareholder value, companies are keen to establish the brand in line with other corporate assets, as well as management procedures throughout the company. Simply because the traditional research-based measurements proved to understand and manage the economic value of less than the brand, the company adopted a new management tool brand value. Brand valuation can help them build brand management valuebased system. As creating economic value of brand management and brand of all the key investment decisions. Diverse, including American Express, IBM, Samsung Electronics, Accenture, United States of America, British Petroleum, Duke Energy Corporation and Fujitsu road brand value, to help them re-focus on its branded business, and create a brand decision-making and investment on economic grounds. Many companies are making the brand value of the remuneration of senior marketing managers to create the part of the standard. Brand valuation of these companies find the following help: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the decision on business investment decisions. By making the brand assets and other tangible and intangible assets, different asset allocation of resources between the types, you can follow the same economic conditions and reasons, for example, capital allocation and return requirements. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Measuring the return on investment on the brand based on brand value in the investment rate of return, you can directly reach relative to other investments. Brand management and marketing service providers, measurable performance goals specifically related to the value of brand equity. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ make decisions on brand investment. By priority according to brand, customer base, geographic markets, products or services, their distribution channels, etc., the brand can spread the cost of investment, influence and determine the cause maximum benefit. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ decision making licensing subsidiary of the brand. A subsidiary of the license will be responsible for the management and use of the brand, and asset management to pay more stringent than the one to be free. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ turn into a profit center, from a cost center, connecting brands and brand marketing ROI (from the subsidiarys brand use fee). The relation between investment, the returns from the brand to become transparent and easy to manage. Remuneration and career development of marketing staff can link to the development and brand value measurement. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ allocation of marketing costs in the interests of the various business units from the brand equity. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Organization and optimization, for example, using different brands in the business (corporate, product and subsidiary brands) according to their contribution to the economic value. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ assess the co-branded initiatives according to their economic benefits and risks to the companys brand value. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ determine the appropriate brand after the merger by a clear economic reasons. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Manage the brand more successfully migrate to a different value of the brand as a better understanding of the results, therefore, nothing to lose or get, if the brand migration occurred. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The brand value of building brand value, providing focused, brand performance on the basis of the best understanding of the measures taken action, the driver scorecards. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ managing a brand portfolio across multiple markets. Brand performance and brand investments to assess the basis of comparison with the same combination from brand to improve the overall return. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the economic value of brand communication as appropriate to create a capital market to support share prices and financial assistance. Financial transactions Brand valuation of financial applications include the following: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ assessment of the subsidiary companys brand in the fair trade price. Brand royalty income tax return the way you can to the company headquarters. Brand may authorize the international subsidiaries in the United States, subsidiaries in different countries. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ identify the brand of brand equity through brand licensing to third parties the best use of royalty rates. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Capital of the brand balance sheet under U.S. GAAP, international accounting standards and accounting standards in many countryspecific. Brand value is used for both initial and periodic valuation of a derivative of the value of impairment testing. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ establish a brand in the mergers and acquisitions, asset prices and the value of clearly defined brand increasing trade. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ determine the contribution of the brand, a joint venture to establish a joint venture distribution of profits, investment demand and stock. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Use the brand in debt, the economic exploitation of the brand rights for the mortgage securitization facilities. Conclusion As global competition is becoming increasingly severe, and many competitive advantages, such as technology and become more transient, the brands contribution to shareholder value will increase. The brand is a small number of assets that can provide long-term competitive advantages. <

Things They Carried Essay: The Man I Killed -- Things They Carried Ess

The Man I Killed in The Things They Carried  Ã‚   Much can be interpreted by what people write.   The great thing about interpretations is that different writings can be interpreted differently.   Just like in the writings by Tim O'Brien.   His book titled "The Things They Carried," is a very deep and touching collection of stories about the Vietnam War.   The book is written, as a whole under the title "The Things They Carried," but is a collection of many people’s experiences in this destructive war.   One story that is a touching and very intriguing is titled, "The Man I Killed."   If anyone knows anything about Vietnam it is that many lives where lost in this disastrous war.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All through school students are taught the very top layer of the telling of this war.   Such as dates, places that the war took place, and straight statistics of the war.   The parts that are left out are the tragedies, and the permanent scars the war left.   Students are told about the number of deaths that occurred, but they are not told about the lives that were affected, or how disturbing the war r...

Treating Your Sweet Tooth

Abigail Young Mrs. Spar English III Compare/Contrast Essay (2nd draft) February 22, 2013 Treating Your Sweet Tooth The debate about ice cream versus frozen yogurt (froyo) is spreading like a wildfire. People looking at the differences; what they do not know is how they are also similar. Ice cream and frozen yogurt have both similarities and differences when it comes to their history, ingredients and nutrition. Before ice cream was known as ice cream, many ancient civilizations served mixtures of ice (or snow from the mountains) with juices, milks, spices and fruits.This became a major delicacy around the world, this delicacy soon became known as sorbet and was eaten by many people who could afford it. Soon after, sorbet became known as ice cream, which was introduced to America by the Quaker colonists who brought their ice cream recipes with them as they immigrated to the United States. After hearing about a delicacy that was similar to ice cream, frozen yogurt was first introduced t o England and became more of a sensation. Frozen yogurt also being sweet and creamy but contained less calories.The northeast, USA was introduced to frozen yogurt in the 1970's. In the 1980's is when frozen yogurt really took off, reaching sales of $25 million in 1986. In the early 1990's, frozen yogurt was 10% of the frozen dessert market. (Wikipedia Encyclopedia) The main ingredient in ice cream is, obviously, cream. Ice cream contains more than 10% milk fat and more then 20% milk solids. Nowadays, one can find low-fat ice creams with half the fat. In addition, ice cream contains sweeteners, emulsifiers, stabilizers, gelatin, high fructose corn syrup, flavorings, water, and air.Air gives ice cream the volume. Unlike ice cream, frozen yogurt's main ingredient is yogurt made from milk. So much like ice cream, frozen yogurt also contains milk solids, milk fats, sweeteners, yogurt culture, emulsifiers, stabilizers, gelatin, high fructose corn syrup, flavorings, water, and air. Air, mu ch like ice cream, gives frozen yogurt its volume. In addition, ice crean and frozen yogurt are very similar when it comes to nutrition. Neither of them are very nutritous but are both very satisfying to your sweet tooth.Although frozen yogurt is lighter in calories and fat, frozen yogurt is not a heathier alternative to ice cream. One needs to be smart with how much ice cream he is eating. Also, one should watch what he is putting on top of his yogurt, making either the ice cream or frozen yogurt less in fat, sugar and calories. Different in many ways, ice cream and frozen yogurt are both, needless to say, delicious. Although different in their history, ingredients and their nutritional value, one does not want to eat a lot of both them. Both are acceptable every once in a while to enjoy.

Barriers To Effective Planning †Business Paper

Barriers To Effective Planning – Business Paper Free Online Research Papers Barriers To Effective Planning Business Paper Cronje, Du Toit, Marais and Motlatla (2004:141 142) statement is that, â€Å"planning is the starting point of the management process. Planning is the fundamental element of management that predetermines what the business proposes to accomplish and how it intends in realizing its goals. In other words, planning involves those activities of management that determine the mission and goals of an organization, the ways in which these are to be accomplished, and the deployment of the necessary resources to realize them. In short planning entails a systematic and intelligent exposition of the direction a business organization must follow to accomplish predetermined goals. Planning encapsulates the following three dimensions: ? The determination dimension: The business must determine what it wants to achieve by a specific date in future. This means that goals have to be formulated that will serve as guidelines for the business and its various departments and sub-departments. ? The decision-making dimension: The goals determine the actions that are necessary, or the way in which they might be accomplished. ? The future dimension: A goal is something to be accomplished in the future. Planning establishes a connection between the things that have to be done now to bring about a certain situation in the future.† ? As a fundamental element of management, planning is not only the starting point of the management process, but in a sense also the point around which management activities revolves. The goals and the plans determine the type of organization needed, the leadership required, and the control to be exercised to steer the business as productively as possible towards its goals.† My own statement about planning: â€Å"Planning include the organizations objectives or goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals, and developing a comprehensive structure of plans to integrate and coordinate activities.† The focus on the first question will be to identify the barriers to effective planning and the measurements to overcome the barriers. First part: Identify barriers to effective planning: Stephen P. Robbins and David A. Decenzo (2004: 79 80) identify the following barriers to effective planning: ? â€Å"Planning may create rigidity: formal planning efforts can lock an organization into specific goals to be achieved within specific timetables. When these objectives were set, the assumption may have been made that the environment wouldn’t change during the time period the objectives cover. If that assumption is faulty, managers who follow a plan may have trouble. Rather than remaining flexible- and possibly scrapping the plan-managers who continue to do what is required to achieve the original objectives may not be able to cope with the changed environment. Forcing a course of action when the environment is fluid can be a recipe for disaster. ? Plans can’t be developed for a dynamic environment: Today most organizations face dynamic change in their environments. If a basic assumption in making plans-that the environment won’t change-is faulty, then how can one make plans? We describe today’s business environment as chaotic, by definition, that means random and unpredictable. Managing chaos and turning disasters into opportunities require flexibility, and that may mean not being tied to formal plans. ? Formal plans can’t replace intuition and creativity; Successful organizations are typically the result of someone’s vision, but these visions have a tendency to become formalized as they evolve. Formal efforts typically follow a methodology that includes a thorough investigation of the organization’s capabilities and opportunities and a mechanistic analysis that reduces the vision to a programmed routine. That can spell disaster for an organization. For instance, the rapid rise of Apple Computer in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s was attributed, in part, to the creativity and anticorporate attitudes of one of its co-founders, Steven Jobs. But as the company grew, Jobs felt a need for more formalized management, something he was uncomfortable performing. He hired a CEO, who ultimately ousted Jobs from his own company. With Job’s departure came increased organizational formality-the very thing Jobs despised because it hampered creativity . ? Formal planning reinforces success, which may lead to failure; we’ve been taught that success breeds success. That has been an American tradition. After all, if it’s broken, don’t fix it.Right? Well, maybe not! Success may, in fact, breed failure in an uncertain environment. It is hard to change or discard successful plans-to leave the comfort of what works for the anxiety of the unknown. Successful plans, however, may provide a false sense of security-generating more confidence than they deserve. Managers often won’t deliberately face that unknown until they are forced to do so by changes in the environment. But by then, it may be too late†. Second part: And discuss the measures to overcome such barriers: Cronje, Du Toit, Marais and Motlatla (2004: 141 142) Identify the following measurements to overcome the barriers: ? â€Å"Management should recognize the limitations of planning and understand that Plans will require adjustments on an ongoing basis (Cronje,et ,al,2004). With respect to the degree of variability, the greater the uncertainty, the more plans should be of the short-term variety. That is, if rapid or important technological, social, economic, legal, or other changes are taking place, well-defined and precisely chartered routes are more likely to hinder an organization’s performance than to aid it. Shorter-term plans allow for more flexibility. ? Management should ensure effective communication of organizational plans at all levels (Mancosa Business Management 101 guideline). Planning establishes coordinated effort. It gives direction to managers and non-managers alike. When all organizational members understand where the organization is going and what they must contribute to reach the objectives, they can begin to coordinate their activities thereby fostering cooperation and teamwork. ? Planning compels managers to look to the future. It eliminates crisis management by obliging future-oriented management to anticipate threats in the environment, and to take steps in time to avert them. By looking back over the past and forward to the future, management can organize the present so that the future will be as prosperous as possible. ? Planning ensures that business keep abreast of technology. The influence of modern technology on contemporary businesses, especially in the development of complex products using complicated processes, makes heavy demands on planning. It takes about ten years to develop a supersonic aircraft or a military helicopter. It is very expensive in both time and money to launch such a project, and proper planning is critical to its success. ? Planning promotes stability. Probably the most important single factor-even in smaller or less complex business-that makes planning indispensable is rapid change in the business environment. Indeed, strategic planning has its origins in the very instability that has been one of the main characteristics of the business environment since the 1960s. Planning, therefore, encourages proactive management. In other words, management plays an active part in the future of the business†. Research Papers on Barriers To Effective Planning - Business PaperThe Project Managment Office SystemLifes What IfsBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesOpen Architechture a white paperDefinition of Export QuotasIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Hockey GameResearch Process Part OneMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product